library(foreign) time<-read.dta(file="http://kanggc.iptime.org/book/data/chap10-2.dta") n<-length(time$var1) s<-sd(time$var1) t19<-qt(0.025, df=19, lower.tail=F) average<-mean(time$var1) LCL<-average-t19*(s/sqrt(n)) UCL<-average+t19*(s/sqrt(n)) LCL;UCL