x<-c(2,3,4,5,6) y<-c(4,4,6,6,10) x;y (n<-length(x)) (sumx<-sum(x)) (sumy<-sum(y)) (mx=mean(x)) (my=mean(y)) (xy<-x*y) (sumxy<-sum(xy)) (sumxsq<-sum(x^2)) (sumysq<-sum(y^2)) beta1<-(sumxy-mx*sumy)/(sumxsq-mx*sumx) beta0<-my-beta1*mx beta0;beta1 (b1hat<-cov(x,y)/var(x)) (b0hat<-mean(y)-b1hat*mean(x)) X<-matrix(c(1,1,1,1,1,2,3,4,5,6), nrow=5, ncol=2) Y<-matrix(c(4,4,6,6,10), nrow=5) N<-length(Y) X (XPX<-t(X)%*%X) (XPXINV<-solve(XPX)) (XPY<-t(X)%*%Y) (beta<-XPXINV%*%XPY) ols<-lm(y~x) summary(ols)